Fluorescence in SITU Hybridization (FISH)

Cancer/Leukemia

Fluorescence in SITU Hybridization (FISH)

What is a FISH Test?

Fluorescence in SITU hybridization (FISH) is a procedure that essentially creates a map of the genetic material in human cells, allowing cytogeneticists to locate specific DNA sequences on a chromosome. The process can give useful insight in the understanding of certain genetic mutations and chromosomal abnormalities.

How Does FISH Testing Work?

Using molecular biology techniques, FISH testing detects the presence (or absence of) specific regions of the genome. Additionally, the Fluorescence in SITU Hybridization procedure can be used to enumerate certain regions of the genome, depending on the circumstances.

Detection is accomplished by introducing fluorescently labeled pieces of DNA that are referred to as “probes”. Probes can be designed for any gene, size, or sequence. The process allows the cellular reproduction cycle to be mapped and analyzed.

When Is FISH Testing Used?

Cytogeneticists use FISH to identify genetic abnormalities related to cancer, as well as other diseases and conditions. In addition to being used for the purpose of detection, FISH can provide supplementary information that can be used to predict a patient’s response to certain treatment types.

Unlike most other techniques used to study chromosomes, FISH does not require actively dividing cells. This adds flexibility and increases the ability to identify and characterize cytogenetic abnormalities. Contact Genetics Associates, to learn more about how we use FISH. Our cytogenetic laboratory is located in Nashville, TN.

• Adult B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Profile

  • del(9p) CDKN2A

  • del(6q) MYB

  • t(9;22) BCR/ABL1/ASS1

  • 11q23 KMT2A (MLL) rearrangements

  • t(1;19) TCF3/PBX1

  • 14q32 IGH rearrangements

• Adult T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Profile

  • 14q11.2 TRA Rearrangements

  • 10q24 TLX1

  • 11q23 KMT2A (MLL) Rearrangements

  • 7q34 TRB Rearrangements

  • 5q35 TLX3

  • del(9p) CDKN2A

• Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Profile

  • t(12;21) ETV6/RUNX1

  • 11q23 KMT2A (MLL) rearrangements

  • t(9;22) BCR/ABL1/ASS1

  • trisomy 4,10,17

  • 14q32 IGH rearrangements

  • Additional Probes

  • t(1;19) TCF3/PBX1

• Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) Profile

  • t(15;17) PML/RARA

  • t(9;22) BCR/ABL1/ASS1

  • t(8;21) RUNX1T1/RUNX1

  • 11q23 KMT2A (MLL) rearrangements

  • inv(16), t(16;16) CBFB rearrangements

  • inv(3) MECOM rearrangements

  • 17q RARA rearrangements

  • NUP98 11p15

• Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Profile

  • del(11q) ATM

  • trisomy 12

  • del(13q) 13q14/13q34

  • del(17p) TP53

  • Additional Probes

  • t(11;14) CCND1/IGH

  • del(6q) MYB

• Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia CD19-Enriched (CLL) Profile

  • del(11q) ATM

  • trisomy 12

  • del(13q) 13q14/13q34

  • del(17p) TP53

  • Additional Probes

  • t(11;14) CCND1/IGH

  • del(6q) MYB

• Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Profile

  • t(9;22) BCR/ABL1/ASS1

  • Additional Probes

  • trisomy 8

  • i(17q)

• Lymphoma Probes

  • t(8;14) MYC/IGH (Burkitt or Follicular)

  • 8q24 MYC rearrangements

  • t(11;14) CCND1/IGH (Mantle Cell)

  • t(11;18) BIRC3/MALT1

  • 18q21 BCL2 rearrangements

  • 18q21 MALT1 rearrangements

  • t(14;18) IGH/BCL2 (Follicular or Diffuse Large B-Cell)

  • 3q27 BCL6 rearrangements (Diffuse Large B-Cell, Follicular, Marginal Zone B-cell)

• T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Probes

  • 2p23 ALK (Anaplastic) rearrangements

  • 14q11.2 TRA rearrangements

  • 7q34 TRB rearrangements

  • i(7q) 7cen/7q22/7q31

  • 14q32 TCL1A

  • 10q24 TLX1

  • 5q35 TLX3

• Multiple Myeloma CD138-Enriched (MM) Profile

  • 1p32.3/1q21 CDKN2C/CKS1B

  • del(13q) 13q14/13q34

  • del(17p) TP53

  • t(11;14) CCND1/IGH

  • t(4;14) FGFR3/IGH

  • t(14;16) IGH/MAF

  • Additional Probes

  • trisomy 5

  • 8q24 MYC rearrangements

  • t(6;14) CCND3/IGH

  • t(14;20) IGH/MAFB

• Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Profile

  • del(5q) EGR1

  • del(7q) / monosomy 7

  • trisomy 8

  • del(20q)

  • Additional Probes

  • 11q23 KMT2A (MLL) rearrangements

  • t(9;22) BCR/ABL1/ASS1

  • NUP98 11p15

  • 12p13 ETV6 rearrangements

• Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN) Profile

  • del(5q) EGR1

  • del(7q) / monosomy 7

  • trisomy 8

  • del(20q)

  • t(9;22) BCR/ABL1/ASS1

  • Additional Probes

  • 4q12 FIP1L1/CHIC2/PDGFRA

  • 5q32 PDGFRB rearrangements

  • 8p11 FGFR1 rearrangements

  • 9q24 JAK2 rearrangements

• Solid Tumor Probes

  • EWSR1 Ewing Sarcoma

  • FOXO1 Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma

  • DDIT3 (CHOP) Myxoid Liposarcoma

  • LOH 1p/19q Glioma

  • MYCN 2p24.1 Neuroblastoma

  • SS18 Synovial Sarcoma

  • Bladder Cancer Screen (Trisomy 3, 7, 17, & 9p21 loss)

• Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT)

  • XX/XY for sex mismatched transplant

• Ph-Like ALL Profile

  • Xp22.33/Yp11.3 CRLF2

  • 1q25.2 ABL2

  • 5q32 PDGFRB

  • 5q32 CSF1R

  • 9q24.1 JAK2

  • 9q34.1 ABL1

  • 19p13.2 EPOR